mr.bevan
  • Home
  • IB Economics
    • 01 Microeconomics >
      • 1. The Foundations of Economics
      • 1.1 Demand and Supply
      • 1.2 Elasticities
      • 1.3 Government Intervention
      • 1.4 Market Failure
    • 02 Macroeconomics >
      • 01 Level of Economic Activity
      • 2.2 Aggregate Demand
      • 2.3 Aggregate Supply
      • 2.4 Macroeconomic Equlibruim
      • 2.5 Unemployment
      • 2.6 Inflation
      • 2.7 Economic Growth
      • 2.8 Equity in the distribution of income
    • 03 The Global Economy >
      • 3.1 Free Trade
      • 3.2 Protectionism
      • 3.3 Exchange Rates
      • 3.4 Balance of Payments
      • 3.5 Economic Integration
      • 3.6 Economic Development
      • 3.7 Measuring Development
      • 3.8 Barriers to economic growth and/or development
    • 04 Exam Preparation
  • Individuals & Societies 7
    • 01 Economic Growth and Development
    • 02 Where are all the people?
    • 03 Why do empires fall?
    • 04 How has globalization shaped the world?
  • Individuals & Societies 8
    • 01 Belief systems and their influence on culture
    • 02 How are societies governed?
    • 03 Japan 1603 - 1945: Isolation and then expansion
    • 04 What are natural hazards and how do societies respond to them? Case Study: Japan
  • Individuals & Societies 10
    • 01 Does industrialization improve well-being?
    • 02 The Psychology of Motivation
  • IB Business Management
    • 01 Business Organization and the Environment >
      • 1.1 Introduction to Business Management
      • 1.2 Types of business organizations
      • 1.3 Organizational objectives
      • 1.4 Stakeholders
      • 1.5 External Environment
      • 1.6 Growth and Evolution
      • 1.7 Organizational planning tools
    • 02 Human Resources >
      • 2.1 Human Resource Planning
      • 2.2 Organizational Structure
      • 2.3 Leadership and Management
      • 2.4 Motivation
      • 2.5 Organizational and corporate cultures
      • 2.6 Employer and employee relations
    • 03 Finance and Accounting >
      • 3.1 Sources of finance
      • 3.2 Costs and revenues
      • 3.3 Break-even analysis
      • 3.4 Financial Accounts
      • 3.5 & 3.6 Ratio Analysis
      • 3.7 Cash flow
      • 3.8 Investment appraisal
      • 3.9 Budgets
    • 04 Marketing >
      • 4.1 The Role Marketing
      • 4.2 Marketing Planning
      • 4.3 Sales Forcasting
      • 4.4 Market Research
      • 4.5 Product >
        • 4.5 Price
        • 4.5 Promotion
        • 4.5 Place
      • 4.7 International Marketing and Globalization
    • The Exam
  • AP World History
    • Free Response Questions
    • 10,000 BCE - 600CE
    • 600 - 1450
    • 1450 - 1750
  • AP Human Geo
    • 01 Geography its nature and perspectives
    • 02 Population and Migration
    • 03 Cultural Geography
    • 04 Political Geography
    • 05 Urban Geography
    • 06 Economic Geography
    • 07 Agricultural Geography
    • Exam Review
  • Previously Taught Courses
    • G12 Economics >
      • Basic Economic Ideas
      • Producing and Consuming
      • Financial Capability
      • Managing the Economy
    • G10 World History >
      • 01 Exploration, Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment
      • 02 The American Revolution
      • 03 France: Absolute Monarchy & Revolution
      • 04 The Industrial Revolution
      • 05 Imperialism and Nationalism
      • 06 WW1
      • 07 Inter-War Period
      • 08 WW2
    • G9 World History >
      • 01 Human beginnings and early civilizations >
        • 03 What can we learn from Classical Civilizations (Greece) >
          • 03 What can we learn from Classical Civilizations?
      • 03 Classical China
      • 04 The Muslim World
      • 05 Interregional Networks and Contacts 500 - 1450
      • 01 The Individuals and Societies Toolbox
      • 06 The Renaissance and Reformation >
        • Oral Presentations
    • G9 Social Studies >
      • History >
        • Analyzing Sources
      • Geography
    • G7 Social Studies >
      • Introduction to Empowerment
      • Economic Empowerment
      • Political Empowerment
      • Cultural Empowerment
      • National Empowerment
      • 04 Resources and the environment
      • Finance and Accounting >
        • 3.1 Sources of finance
        • 3.2 Investment appraisal
        • 3.3 Working capital
        • 3.4 Budgeting
        • 3.5 Financial Accounts
        • 3.6 Ratio Analysis
    • Writing Skills
    • Critical Reading
  • Extended Essay
    • 01 Getting Started
    • 02 Structuring the EE

Inter War Years 1919 to 1939

Picture
During this unit we will study the following content:
  • the diplomatic attempts to maintain peace after WW1
  • the factors that led to the rise of authoritarian regime after WW1
  • the policies of totalitarian states leaders and how they transformed their country and affect international relations. 
During this unit we will practice the following skills:
  • analysis and interpretation of secondary and primary sources
  • analyze the failure of peace-keeping attempts between WWI and WWII
  • analyzing cause and effect - explain the reasons for the rise of Mussolini and Hitler in the 1920's/1930's
  • writing source based responses

The Impact of the Great War

Most of the original members of the new League of Nations were non-European nations, demonstrating the global effect of the war. The Treaty of Versailles was unsuccessful in forging a lasting peace. The U.S, fearing involvement in a global conflict refused to join the League; this weakened the league. The Treaty brought with it more problems than solutions.
            Germany was angered and humiliated by the war guilt clause and the reparations they could barely afford to pay. Other European countries were outraged by their failure to win independence. Italy and Japan felt the treaty should have awarded them additional territory. The unfinished issues of the Treaty of Versailles laid the groundwork for a second world war.
            The cost of the war was even greater on European countries. The war eliminated an entire generation of Europeans with deaths totaling around 9-10 million and 21 million more were injured. Genocide reduced the European population even further due to the massacre of thousands of Christian Armenians by the Ottomans from 1915-1919. Deaths were not the only problem, the economy was also suffering. Economic devastation plagued Europe after the war. The finances of the European nations were depleted and many farms and towns were destroyed. 

The League of Nations

Your browser does not support viewing this document. Click here to download the document.

The Wall Street Crash & The Great Depression

Picture
Key Points:
  • 1929 - the Wall Street stock market crashed. Shareholders and businesses lost millions of dollars, industrial production dropped by 45% and 5,000 banks went out of business.
  • By 1932 America was in the greatest economic depression in its history. 13 million people were unemployed.
  • The American economy was weak for 5 main reasons: over-production, unequal distribution of wealth, weaknesses in the banking system, high import tariffs on American goods, and too much speculation on the stock market.
  • When the stock market collapsed, America recalled its loans to European countries. This had a devastating impact, causing a world financial crisis.

Background Causes in America
a)    Overproduction
     i)     Agricultural
     ii)   Factories
b)   Weaknesses of the banking system
c)   Speculation
d)  An uneven distribution of income
e)  The Wall St. Crash
​2)   Background Causes in Europe

b)    Destruction of WWI 
    i)     Germany unable to pay reparations 
    ii)   Great Britain and France unable to pay war debts to US
​
Worldwide effects
a)    Overproduction of agricultural goods caused drop in prices, hurting Latin American and African economies based on one or two cash crops
b)    Tariffs put in place to protect domestic businesses, caused a decline in world trade
c)    Widespread unemployment as businesses failed due to decline in trade
d)    Inflation of prices, especially in Germany
Responses
a)    Social welfare programs
    i)     Governments push reforms that help relieve suffering caused by Depression in The U.S and Britain
    ii)    Social Security, soup kitchens/bread lines, welfare
b)    Rise of Fascism
    i)     Italy, Germany, Japan, Spain
    ii)   Attractive to people hurt by Depression
    iii)   Leaders stressed taking drastic measures to overcome economic decline, renewed interest in building military and becoming aggressive

Crash Course: The Great Depression

Characteristics of Fascism

A form of extreme right-wing ideology.
  • It celebrates the nation or the race as an organic community transcending all other loyalties
  • Powerful and continuing nationalism.
  • Constant use of patriotic mottos, slogans, symbols, songs, etc.
  • Flags are seen everywhere. 
2. Subordination to the State 
  • Fascism seeks forcibly to subordinate ALL aspects of society through a totalitarian state.
  • It uses organized violence to suppress opposition.
  • Accepts the tenets of Social Darwinism.
3. The individual had no significance except as a member of the state . The fascists were taught:
  • Credere!  [to believe]
  • Obbedire!  [to obey]
  • Combattere!  [to fight] 
4. The Myth of Rebirth
  • Mussolini often referred to his goal of returning the greatness of the Roman Empire to Italy. 
5. Militarism
  • Mussolini and Hitler often dressed in military style uniform in public.
  • Both heavily rearmed and adopted expansionist policies. 
6.  Almost exclusively male-dominated 
  • Traditional gender roles are made more rigid   
7. Identification of Enemies or Scapegoats as a Unifying Cause    
  • Note that Italy was not as ferocious as Nazi Germany in this respect regarding the Jews.
  • The enemy could be liberals, communists
8. Disdain for the Recognition of Human Rights
  • Because of the fear of enemies and the need for security, the people are persuaded that human rights can be ignored out of “need.”    
  • People look the other way or even approve of torture, summary executions, long incarcerations of prisoners, assassinations, etc.

Mussolini and the rise of fascism

Powered by Create your own unique website with customizable templates.
  • Home
  • IB Economics
    • 01 Microeconomics >
      • 1. The Foundations of Economics
      • 1.1 Demand and Supply
      • 1.2 Elasticities
      • 1.3 Government Intervention
      • 1.4 Market Failure
    • 02 Macroeconomics >
      • 01 Level of Economic Activity
      • 2.2 Aggregate Demand
      • 2.3 Aggregate Supply
      • 2.4 Macroeconomic Equlibruim
      • 2.5 Unemployment
      • 2.6 Inflation
      • 2.7 Economic Growth
      • 2.8 Equity in the distribution of income
    • 03 The Global Economy >
      • 3.1 Free Trade
      • 3.2 Protectionism
      • 3.3 Exchange Rates
      • 3.4 Balance of Payments
      • 3.5 Economic Integration
      • 3.6 Economic Development
      • 3.7 Measuring Development
      • 3.8 Barriers to economic growth and/or development
    • 04 Exam Preparation
  • Individuals & Societies 7
    • 01 Economic Growth and Development
    • 02 Where are all the people?
    • 03 Why do empires fall?
    • 04 How has globalization shaped the world?
  • Individuals & Societies 8
    • 01 Belief systems and their influence on culture
    • 02 How are societies governed?
    • 03 Japan 1603 - 1945: Isolation and then expansion
    • 04 What are natural hazards and how do societies respond to them? Case Study: Japan
  • Individuals & Societies 10
    • 01 Does industrialization improve well-being?
    • 02 The Psychology of Motivation
  • IB Business Management
    • 01 Business Organization and the Environment >
      • 1.1 Introduction to Business Management
      • 1.2 Types of business organizations
      • 1.3 Organizational objectives
      • 1.4 Stakeholders
      • 1.5 External Environment
      • 1.6 Growth and Evolution
      • 1.7 Organizational planning tools
    • 02 Human Resources >
      • 2.1 Human Resource Planning
      • 2.2 Organizational Structure
      • 2.3 Leadership and Management
      • 2.4 Motivation
      • 2.5 Organizational and corporate cultures
      • 2.6 Employer and employee relations
    • 03 Finance and Accounting >
      • 3.1 Sources of finance
      • 3.2 Costs and revenues
      • 3.3 Break-even analysis
      • 3.4 Financial Accounts
      • 3.5 & 3.6 Ratio Analysis
      • 3.7 Cash flow
      • 3.8 Investment appraisal
      • 3.9 Budgets
    • 04 Marketing >
      • 4.1 The Role Marketing
      • 4.2 Marketing Planning
      • 4.3 Sales Forcasting
      • 4.4 Market Research
      • 4.5 Product >
        • 4.5 Price
        • 4.5 Promotion
        • 4.5 Place
      • 4.7 International Marketing and Globalization
    • The Exam
  • AP World History
    • Free Response Questions
    • 10,000 BCE - 600CE
    • 600 - 1450
    • 1450 - 1750
  • AP Human Geo
    • 01 Geography its nature and perspectives
    • 02 Population and Migration
    • 03 Cultural Geography
    • 04 Political Geography
    • 05 Urban Geography
    • 06 Economic Geography
    • 07 Agricultural Geography
    • Exam Review
  • Previously Taught Courses
    • G12 Economics >
      • Basic Economic Ideas
      • Producing and Consuming
      • Financial Capability
      • Managing the Economy
    • G10 World History >
      • 01 Exploration, Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment
      • 02 The American Revolution
      • 03 France: Absolute Monarchy & Revolution
      • 04 The Industrial Revolution
      • 05 Imperialism and Nationalism
      • 06 WW1
      • 07 Inter-War Period
      • 08 WW2
    • G9 World History >
      • 01 Human beginnings and early civilizations >
        • 03 What can we learn from Classical Civilizations (Greece) >
          • 03 What can we learn from Classical Civilizations?
      • 03 Classical China
      • 04 The Muslim World
      • 05 Interregional Networks and Contacts 500 - 1450
      • 01 The Individuals and Societies Toolbox
      • 06 The Renaissance and Reformation >
        • Oral Presentations
    • G9 Social Studies >
      • History >
        • Analyzing Sources
      • Geography
    • G7 Social Studies >
      • Introduction to Empowerment
      • Economic Empowerment
      • Political Empowerment
      • Cultural Empowerment
      • National Empowerment
      • 04 Resources and the environment
      • Finance and Accounting >
        • 3.1 Sources of finance
        • 3.2 Investment appraisal
        • 3.3 Working capital
        • 3.4 Budgeting
        • 3.5 Financial Accounts
        • 3.6 Ratio Analysis
    • Writing Skills
    • Critical Reading
  • Extended Essay
    • 01 Getting Started
    • 02 Structuring the EE